The observation and Study on the material balance project of Glacier No.1 at the source of Urumqi River in Tianshan Mountains of China started in the summer of 1959. At that time, the area of Glacier No.1 was 1.95 km2, the length of glacier was 2.41 km, and the lowest end of glacier was 3736 m above sea level. It was the largest modern glacier with double bucket glacier form in Urumqi River Basin. In 1993, a glacier degenerated into two completely independent glacier systems, namely, the West Branch of Glacier No. 1 and the Eastern Branch of Glacier No. 1. It also indicates that the glacier retreat in a region means that the number of glaciers in the region may increase, while the area and reserves of glaciers are decreasing. The single point material balance of the East Branch of glacier 1, the single point material balance of the West Branch of glacier 1, the winter balance of glacier 1, the annual material balance of glacier 1, the annual glacier area and material balance of each altitude zone in the East Branch of glacier 1, and the glacier area and material balance of each altitude zone in the Western Branch of glacier 1.
The layout of the mass balance observation network is based on the previous year's observation and research work, that is, 9 cross sections, such as A-I, are respectively arranged on the surface of the melting area of the East branch and the West Branch of glacier 1 from the glacier tongue from bottom to top. Generally, 3 measuring rods are arranged at equal distance on the ice surface of each cross section to observe the accumulation and dissipation during the melting period, and the data of the accumulation area is obtained by digging snow pits get. The observation method is the same as that at the end of April / September of this year. Glacier No.1 has disintegrated into two independent branches, the East and the West. In order to compare with historical data, the height of zero equilibrium line of Glacier No.1 is calculated by area weighting method. The observation equipment includes tape measure, material balance scale, flower pole, steam drill, etc.
Manual input
Data processing and data analysis are carried out in strict accordance with the instrument operation specifications, and have been published in relevant academic journals
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